Conduct a mini review of the literature on the effects of poverty on child welfare. Locate, summarize and synthesize at least four articles in an essay that addresses the role of social inequality, poverty, and racism in the entrée into the child protection system. Include details on the prevalence of poverty and child outcomes for various American minority groups and conclude with ways to improve outcomes for children of color in the child welfare system
Ezekiel J. Emanuel, at age 57, has an unusual ambition, a hope, really. He wants to die when he is 75. He doesn’t have a terminal illness. And he has no plans to commit suicide. He leads an active, productive life. He recently climbed Mount Kilimanjaro with two nephews. But come 2032, he will, without any fuss, refuse all [medical] tests and treatments. He will allow his body to take its natural course. He is very serious about his intentions. In fact, he argues that 75 is a good age for most of us to die. Dr. Emanuel is one of the most renowned and esteemed physicians in the United States. An oncologist, he is currently the Chair of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at the University of Pennsylvania. He has received dozens of awards from organizations such as the National Institutes of Health and the American Cancer Society. The interview followed an article that Emanuel wrote of the Atlantic entitled” Why I hope to Die ar 75″ Enright and most of the people who read this article wanted to know why he chose the age 75 to die.When reading Emanuel’s article, however, you will notice that he doesn’t actually say he wants to die when he is 75. He says that in 2032 he will stop having annual medical check-ups and he will refuse all medical tests and treatments. response paper that compares Ezekiel J. Emanuel’s justifications for deciding to refuse all medical tests and treatments after reaching 75 with Barry Glassner’s claim that individuals making independent life-plans concerning their health do so “for profoundly social reasons.” In his chapter, “In the Name of Health”Glassner observes that “people decide to alter their appearance not at indiscriminate points intheir lives but most commonly when their social circumstances are changing.” Although Glassner is focused on figuring out why people set out to improve their bodies through activities such as bodybuilding, weight loss programs, and cosmetic surgery, he shares with Emanuel an interest on how society imposes certain specific values and consequences for why individuals should “improve their bodies” (in Glassner’s case) or make decisions about whether or not they have become a “burdens” upon family and society (in Emanuel’s case). Be sure, in your essay, to include answers to the following questions: 1. How does refusing medical tests and treatments pose a threat to Emanuel’s – or anyone’s – health from a biomedical perspective? 2. What are the reasons Emanuel provides for the values he places on living – and life in general – appropriate for healthy living in the 21st century? 2a. In what ways are the reasons Emanuel provides for the values he places on living life different – and similar – to the reasons Glassner provides for why people set out to improve their bodies through activities such as bodybuilding, weight loss programs, and cosmetic surgery? 2b. Also consider whether Emanuel’s and Glassner’s arguments apply to everyone. Is refusing all medical tests and treatments after reaching age 75 or taking up activities such as bodybuilding, weight loss programs, and cosmetic surgery things that everyone should consider – or just some people? (Provide reasons for your answer to this question!) 3 What functions do bodily dys-appearance and eu-appearance play in Emanuel’s and Glassner’s arguments?
Baraka documentary philosophy of environmental ethics
Marx’s Theory of History In the “The Communist Manifesto” (1847) and in the short entry on “Marx on the History of his Own Opinions (a.k.a. “Preface to A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy (1859)”), Marx lays out his “grand” vision of history (i.e. the succession of the different modes of production and his account of the transition from feudalism to capitalism) as well as his theory of social change (the base/superstructure model). First, outline Marx’s more abstract “model” of social change as laid out in the “Preface.” Here I refer to the role of the “economic structure” (e.g. the productive forces and the relations of production) as the primary drivers of social change and their capacity to condition changes in the “superstructure” (e.g. law and politics and culture and ideas more generally). Provide a concrete example of how this model of social change works in history. Next, summarize Marx’s account of historical change as outlined in the Communist Manifesto. Outline the factors that Marx believes led to the demise of feudalism and the advent of capitalism. Next, explain why Marx calls the bourgeoisie “revolutionary,” and discuss some of the distinguishing features of modern capitalism. Finally, evaluate Marx’s materialist model. Marx makes some large generalizations about how history progresses and about society under capitalism? What do you think Marx got right? What do you think Marx got wrong?
Compare and contrast Marx’s ideas about human nature with those of the political economists. What makes Marx’s project different? Outline and describe the three main forms of “estrangement” or “alienation” under capitalism, as discussed by Marx and in class. Next, in light of these features, and using Marx’s brief descriptions of non-estranged labor, describe a few “ideal” conditions that would support non-estranged labor.
